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    Optical to Near-infrared Transmission Spectrum of the Warm Sub-Saturn HAT-P-12b

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    Wong_2020_AJ_159_234.pdf
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    Author
    Wong, Ian cc
    Benneke, Björn
    Gao, Peter
    Knutson, Heather A.
    Chachan, Yayaati
    Henry, Gregory W.
    Deming, Drake
    Kataria, Tiffany
    Lee, Graham K. H.
    Nikolov, Nikolay cc
    Sing, David K.
    Ballester, Gilda E.
    Baskin, Nathaniel J.
    Wakeford, Hannah R.
    Williamson, Michael H.
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    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab
    Issue Date
    2020-04-23
    Keywords
    Exoplanet atmospheres
    Exoplanet astronomy
    
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    Publisher
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    Citation
    Ian Wong et al 2020 AJ 159 234
    Journal
    ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
    Rights
    Copyright © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    We present the transmission spectrum of HAT-P-12b through a joint analysis of data obtained from the Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and Wide Field Camera 3 and Spitzer, covering the wavelength range 0.3-5.0 mu m. We detect a muted water vapor absorption feature at 1.4 mu m attenuated by clouds, as well as a Rayleigh scattering slope in the optical indicative of small particles. We interpret the transmission spectrum using both the state-of-the-art atmospheric retrieval code SCARLET and the aerosol microphysics model CARMA. These models indicate that the atmosphere of HAT-P-12b is consistent with a broad range of metallicities between several tens to a few hundred times solar, a roughly solar C/O ratio, and moderately efficient vertical mixing. Cloud models that include condensate clouds do not readily generate the submicron particles necessary to reproduce the observed Rayleigh scattering slope, while models that incorporate photochemical hazes composed of soot or tholins are able to match the full transmission spectrum. From a complementary analysis of secondary eclipses by Spitzer, we obtain measured depths of 0.042% 0.013% and 0.045% 0.018% at 3.6 and 4.5 mu m, respectively, which are consistent with a blackbody temperature of 890(-70)(+60) K and indicate efficient day-night heat recirculation. HAT-P-12b joins the growing number of well-characterized warm planets that underscore the importance of clouds and hazes in our understanding of exoplanet atmospheres.
    ISSN
    0004-6256
    DOI
    10.3847/1538-3881/ab880d
    Version
    Final published version
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3847/1538-3881/ab880d
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    UA Faculty Publications

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