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    Genetic Improvement and Diversity in Snake River Wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis) (Poaceae: Triticeae)

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    Author
    Jensen, Kevin B.
    Mott, Ivan W.
    Robins, Joseph G.
    Waldron, Blair L.
    Nelson, Mark
    Issue Date
    2012-01-01
    Keywords
    forage quality
    genetic diversity
    germplasm improvement
    seedling establishment
    
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    Citation
    Jensen, K. B., Mott, I. W., Robins, J. G., Waldron, B. L., & Nelson, M. (2012). Genetic improvement and diversity in Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis)(Poaceae: Triticeae). Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(1), 76-84.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642611
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-10-00159.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    With the increased emphasis on using native plant materials in range revegetation programs in the western United States it is critical to identify genetically similar groups and develop native grasses that are competitive with invasive weeds, easy to establish, and persistent, and that produce high seed yield. A grass that shows appreciable drought tolerance on arid rangelands is Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis J. Carlson Barkworth). This study was designed to estimate genetic relationships and underlying genetic components for seed and forage trait improvement between plant introductions (PIs) of Snake River wheatgrass, 28 half-sib Snake River wheatgrass families (HSFs), and cultivars Secar and Discovery at Nephi, Utah, between 2005 and 2006. Based on molecular genetic diversity data in Snake River wheatgrass, with the exception of the Pis originating from Enterprise, Oregon, all other collections and cultivars are not genetically different and represent a common gene pool from which to develop improved Snake River wheatgrass germplasm. Selection in Snake River wheatgrass for total seed yield (g plot-1), 100-seed weight (g), and seedling emergence from a deep planting depth had a positive effect. Further increases through selection and genetic introgression from hybridization with PIs will likely increase seed yield and 100-seed weight, but will not increase seedling emergence. Increases in dry matter yield (DMY) were observed after two cycles of selection in the HSFs compared to the Pis. There remains considerable genetic and phenotypic variation to further increase DMY in Snake River wheatgrass through selection and hybridization. Trends in forage nutritional quality were not observed after two cycles of selection in the HSFs or the PIs and will not likely result in improvement. Through recurrent selection, populations of Snake River wheatgrass have been and can be developed to more effectively establish and compete on annual weed-infested rangelands./Con el aumento en el interés de usar plantas nativas para los programas de revegetación en el oeste de los Estados Unidos es necesario identificar grupos genéticamente similares y desarrollar pastos nativos que sean competitivos con plantas invasoras, fácil de establecerse, persistentes y con alto rendimiento en producción de semilla. El pasto que muestra buena tolerancia a la sequia en pastizales áridos es el Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis J. Carlson & Barkworth). Este estudio fue diseñado para estimar la relación genética y subrayar los componentes genéticos para el rasgo de mejoramiento de la semilla y el forraje entre introducción de plantas (PIs) de Snake River wheatgrass, 28 medio hermanas familias de Snake River wheatgrass (HSFs) y de cultivos de Secar y Discovery en Nephi, Utah, entre los años 2005 y 2006. Basados en datos de diversidad genética molecular del pasto Snake River wheatgrass con excepción del PIs originario de Enterprise, Oregon, todas las demás colecciones y cultivos no son genéticamente diferentes y representan un grupo con un gen común del cual se desarrollo el germoplasma mejorado del Snake River wheatgrass. La selección del Snake River wheatgrass por rendimiento total de semilla (g parecela-1), peso de semilla (g) y emergencia de plántulas de una profundidad de plantación profunda tuvo efecto positivo. Aunado al incremento a través de selección y introgresion genética de hibridación con PIs podría incrementar el rendimiento de semilla y el peso de 100 semillas pero no aumentar la emergencia de plántulas. El incremento en rendimiento de materia seca (RMS) fue observado después de 2 ciclos de selección en el HSFs comparado con el PIs. Ahí queda considerable variación genética y fenotípica para futuro incremento en rendimiento de materia seca (RMS) en Snake River wheatgrass a través de selección e hibridación. Tendencias en la calidad nutricional del forraje no se observaron después de 2 ciclos de selección en el HSFs ni en el PIs y no es probable que resulte en mejoramiento. A través de selección recurrente de poblaciones de Snake River wheatgrass han sido y pueden ser desarrolladas para establecerse con mayor efectividad y competir con hierbas anuales en pastizales infestados.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-10-00159.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 1 (January 2012)

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