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    Recovery and Germination of Dichrostachys cinerea Seeds Fed to Goats (Capra hircus)

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    Author
    Tjelele, Julius T.
    Dziba, Luthando E.
    Pule, Hosea T.
    Issue Date
    2012-01-01
    Keywords
    gavaging
    rumen digestion
    scarification
    seed germination
    seed survival
    sickle bush
    woody plant encroachment
    
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    Citation
    Tjelele, J. T., Dziba, L. E., & Pule, H. T. (2012). Recovery and germination of Dichrostachys cinerea seeds fed to goats (Capra hircus). Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(1), 105-108.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642615
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-09-00161.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Goats can act as dispersal agents by consuming seed pods of woody plants and dispersing the seeds in feces. Concerns that goats might thereby promote encroachment by woody plant species such as Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) have not been addressed. The objective of this study was to determine the recovery rate and germination of D. cinerea seeds that pass through the digestive tract of goats. We hypothesized that 1) D. cinerea seeds will remain intact and viable after passage through the digestive tract of goats and that 2) D. cinerea seeds will be scarified by such passage, resulting in improved germination percentages. The first trial measured the recovery rate of 1 500 D. cinerea seeds that were consumed by indigenous goats, either voluntarily after mixing them with feed pellets (mixed) or by force-feeding (gavaged). Seed recovery for the gavaged treatment (32.7%) was significantly higher than for the mixed treatment (9.9%; P<0.001). The second trial determined germination percentages of D. cinerea seeds recovered from the feces of animals in the two treatments of the first trial as well as scarified and control (untreated) seeds. The germination percentage of mechanically scarified seeds (53.0%) was significantly higher than that of seeds that passed through the digestive system in the mixed (35.5%) or gavaged (31.2%) treatments or were untreated (19.0%; P<0.001). Seeds that passed through the digestive tract (mixed and gavaged treatments) had a significantly higher germination percentage than untreated seeds (P<0.001). A nonnegligible proportion of D. cinerea seeds remained intact after ingestive chewing and passage through the digestive system, and their germination percentage was even elevated. This suggests that goats have a potential to facilitate woody plant encroachment through dispersal of viable and scarified seeds./Las cabras pueden actuar como agentes dispersores de semillas de plantas leñosas al consumir las vainas de estas. No se ha discutido la preocupación de que las cabras de este modo podrían propiciar la invasión de plantas leñosas tales como Dichrostachys cinerea (arbusto hoz). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la tasa de recuperación y germinación de semillas de D. cinerea que pasan a través del tracto digestivo de las cabras. Planteamos la hipótesis de 1) Las semillas de D. cinerea permanecerán intactas y viables después de haber pasado por el tracto digestivo de las cabras, y 2) Las semillas de D. cinerea serán escarificadas por tal pasaje resultando, en el mejoramiento de el porcentaje de germinación. El primer experimento se midió la tasa de recuperación de 1 500 semillas de D. cinerea que fueron consumidas por cabras criollas ya sea de manera voluntaria o después de mezclarlas con bolas de alimento o por alimentación forzada. La recuperación de semillas por medio del tratamiento de alimentación forzada (32.7%) fue significativamente mayor que la del tratamiento de la mezcla (9.9%; P<0.001). El segundo experimento determino el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas de D. cinerea recuperadas por de las heces de los animales en los dos tratamientos del primer experimento, asi como semillas escarificadas y sin tratar. El porcentaje de germinación de las semillas meca ́nicamente escarificadas (53.0%) fue significativamente mayor que el de las semillas que pasaron por el tracto digestivo en los tratamiento de mezcla (35.5%) o alimentación forzada (31.2%) o sin tratar (19.0%; P<0.001). Las semillas que pasaron a través del tracto digestivo (tratamientos de mezcla y alimentación forzada) tuvieron porcentaje de germinación significativamente mayor que las semillas no tratadas (P<0.001). Una proporción importante de semillas de D. cinerea permanecieron intactas después de haber sido masticadas y pasadas por el sistema digestivo y su porcentaje de germinación también fue elevado. Esto sugiere que las cabras tienen el potencial de facilitar la invasión de plantas leñosas a través de la dispersión de semillas viables y escarificadas.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-09-00161.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 1 (January 2012)

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