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    Spatially Explicit Representation of State-and-Transition Models

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    Author
    Steele, Caitriana M.
    Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.
    Burkett, Laura M.
    Smith, Philip L.
    Yanoff, Steven
    Issue Date
    2012-05-01
    Keywords
    alternative states
    ecological sites
    geographic information systems
    land classification
    Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database
    
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    Citation
    Steele, C. M., Bestelmeyer, B. T., Burkett, L. M., Smith, P. L., & Yanoff, S. (2012). Spatially explicit representation of state-and-transition models. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(3), 213-222.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642628
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00047.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    The broad-scale assessment of natural resource conditions (e.g., rangeland health, restoration needs) requires knowledge of their spatial distribution. We argue that creating a database that links state-and-transition models (STMs) to spatial units is a valuable management tool for structuring ground-based observations, management planning for landscapes, and for housing information on the responses of land areas to management actions. To address this need, we introduce a multifactor classification system based on ecological sites and STMs that is directly linked to recent concepts of vegetation dynamics in rangelands.We describe how this classification was used as a basis for creating a spatial database and maps of ecological states. We provide an example of how the classification and mapping has been applied in over 1.2 million ha of public rangelands in southern New Mexico using aerial photo interpretation supplemented with existing inventory data and rapid field assessments. The resulting state map has been used by the Bureau of Land Management: 1) to design landscape-level shrub control efforts, 2) to structure and report district-wide rangeland health assessments, and 3) to evaluate locations for energy development. We conclude by discussing options for the development of state maps and their current limitations, including the use of satellite imagery and concepts for defining states. We argue that cataloging ecological states in a spatial context has clear benefits for rangeland managers because it connects STM concepts to specific land areas. State mapping provides a means to generate and store spatially explicit data resulting from tests of the propositions in STMs and conservation practices./La evaluación a gran escala de la condición de los recursos naturales (ejm. salud del pastizal, necesidades de restauración) requiere del conocimiento de la distribución espacial de los mismos. Argumentamos que estableciendo una base de datos que ligue modelos de estado y transición (MET) a unidades espaciales es una herramienta valiosa de manejo para estructurar observaciones basadas en el terreno, planeación del paisaje y para información de desarrollos habitacionales y las respuestas de las áreas de tierra y las acciones de manejo. Para dirigir esta necesidad introducimos el sistema de clasificación multifactorial basado en sitios ecológicos y MET que es directamente ligado a los recientes conceptos de dinámica de la vegetación y pastizales. Describimos cómo esta clasificación fue usada fundamentalmente para crear una base de datos para mapas de sitios ecológicos. Damos un ejemplo de cómo la clasificación y mapeo ha sido aplicado en arriba de 1.2 millones de hectáreas de pastizales públicos en el sur de Nuevo México usando interpretación de fotografía aérea complementado con datos de inventarios existentes y evaluaciones rápidas decampo. El mapa resultante ha sido usado por el Bureau of Land Management para 1) diseñar esfuerzos de control del paisaje con nivel de matorral, 2) estructurar y reportar evaluaciones de salud de pastizal a escala de distrito y, 3) evaluar lugares para desarrollo de energía. Concluimos con la discusión de opciones para el desarrollo de mapas de estado y sus actuales limitaciones incluyendo el uso de las imágenes de satélite y conceptos de definición de estados. Discutimos que catalogar los estados ecológicos en un contexto especial, tiene un claro beneficio para los manejadores de pastizales porque esto conecta los conceptos de MET para áreas de tierra específicas. El mapeo de estados provee un medio para generar y almacenar datos explícitamente de espacialidad, resultando de pruebas de propuestas de MET’s y prácticas de conservación.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00047.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 3 (May 2012)

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