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    Does Cattle Grazing Affect Ant Abundance and Diversity in Temperate Grasslands?

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    Author
    Schmidt, Amanda C.
    Fraser, Lauchlan H.
    Carlyle, Cameron N.
    Bassett, Eleanor R. L.
    Issue Date
    2012-05-01
    Keywords
    disturbance
    Formicidae
    productivity
    rangelands
    semiarid grasslands
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Schmidt, A. C., Fraser, L. H., Carlyle, C. N., & Bassett, E. R. (2012). Does cattle grazing affect ant abundance and diversity in temperate grasslands?. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(3), 292-298.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642637
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00100.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Half of the world’s land base is grazed by domesticated livestock. Because of the important functional role of ants in grasslands, it is important to understand the effect of livestock grazing on ant abundance and diversity. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of cattle grazing and site productivity on the abundance, species richness, and species diversity of ants in Lac du Bois Grasslands Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada. We hypothesized that the measured ant variables would be lowest in grazed areas and at low site productivity. Pitfall trapping was conducted at four sites: two at each low and high site productivity levels. At each site an ungrazed (fenced exclosure) and grazed transect was sampled during May, July, and August of 2008. Captured ants were preserved in ethanol and identified. Eight genuses of ants were collected: Tapinoma, Camponotus, Formica, Lasius, Aphaenogaster, Myrmica, Solinopsis, and Temnotharox. The mean number of ants per pitfall was higher at high site productivity sites that were grazed (15.10 +/- 2.96 SE) compared to high productivity sites ungrazed (3.28 +/- 0.47 SE); grazing at low productivity reduced numbers of ants from 5.07 (+/- 0.70 SE) to 2.20 (+/- 0.39 SE) (F=21.806; P<0.001).Tapinoma sessile and A. occidentalis had the greatest numbers in the pitfall traps. Species richness (F=23.330, P<0.001) and diversity (F=11.764, P=0.001) followed a similar trend. Because productivity and cattle grazing affect ant diversity andabundance, and ants impact ecosystem functioning, these factors should be considered in management of grasslands./La mitad de las tierras del mundo son pastoreadas por animales domésticos. Debido a la importancia práctica de las hormigas dentro de los pastizales es importante comprender el efecto del ganado en pastoreo en la diversidad y abundancia de las hormigas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron examinar el efecto del pastoreo y la productividad del sitio en la abundancia, la riqueza, y la diversidad de especies de hormigas en los pastizales de Lac du Bois en el parque Provincial, de la Columbia Británica, en Canadá. Nuestra hipótesis fue que las variables medidas en las hormigas serían menores en áreas pastoreadas y en sitios de menor productividad. Se utilizaron trampas en cuatro sitios: dos por cada sitio de alta y baja productividad. En cada sitio, transectos en áreas sin pastoreo (excluidas) y con pastoreo fueron muestra dos durante mayo, Julio y Agosto del 2008. Las hormigas capturadas fueron conservadas en etanol e identificadas. Se recolectaron 8 géneros de hormigas: Tapinoma, Camponotus, Formica, Lasius, Aphaenogaster, Myrmica, Solinopsis, and Temnotharox. El número medio de hormigas por trampa fue mayor en de alta productividad y que fueron pastoreados (15.10 +/- 2.96 SE) comparados a los sitios de alta productividad sin pastoreo (3.28 +/- 0.47 SE); mientras que en los sitios de baja productividad se redujo el número de hormigas de 5.07 (+/-0.70 SE) a 2.20 (+/-0.39 SE) (F=21.806; P<0.001). Las hormigas Tapinoma sessile y A. occidentalis tuvieron los mayores números en las trampas. La riqueza de las especies (F=23.330, P<0.001) y la diversidad (F=11.764, P=0.001) siguió una tendencia similar. Debido a que la productividad y el pastoreo del ganando afectan la diversidad, la abundancia, y el impacto de las hormigas en el funcionamiento del ecosistema, estos factores deben considerarse en el manejo de los pastizales.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00100.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 3 (May 2012)

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