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    Grazing Distribution and Diet Quality of Angus, Brangus, and Brahman Cows in the Chihuahuan Desert

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    Author
    Russell, Morgan L.
    Bailey, Derek W.
    Thomas, Milt G.
    Witmore, Barbara K.
    Issue Date
    2012-07-01
    Keywords
    breed
    cattle behavior
    fecal NIRS
    GPS telemetry
    grazing
    pathway
    tortuosity
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Russell, M. L., Bailey, D. W., Thomas, M. G., & Witmore, B. K. (2012). Grazing distribution and diet quality of Angus, Brangus, and Brahman cows in the Chihuahuan Desert. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(4), 371-381.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642646
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00042.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Grazing distribution can be improved by using adapted cattle breeds that travel to distant areas of extensive pastures. A 2-yr study was conducted to evaluate grazing distribution and diet quality of Angus, Brangus, and Brahman cows (seven cows per breed group) in the Chihuahuan Desert during three seasons (winter, early summer, and late summer) using three pastures. Two GPS collars were randomly assigned to each breed group and cow positions were logged every 10 min for 10- to 14-d periods in each pasture (3 periods season-1). In 2008, breed groups were evaluated in separate pastures and data were analyzed as a 3 X 3 Latin square design. In 2009, all breed groups were evaluated at the same time in the same pastures. Fecal samples were collected in 2008 and analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to estimate diet quality. If positions recorded when cows were resting were excluded, Brahman cows traveled greater distances per day than Angus cows throughout the study and greater (P<0.10) than Brangus cows in all but one season during 2009. No differences in average distance to water were detected (P>0.10) among breed groups. During early summer in 2008 and early and late summer in 2009, Angus cows maintained a more linear grazing path (P<0.10) than Brangus or Brahman cows. Brahman cows displayed more sinuous grazing paths (P<0.10) than other breeds during early and late summer seasons in 2009. In 2008, no differences in crude protein content of diets were detected (P>0.10) among breed groups during all seasons. Spatial movement patterns of Brahman cows appeared to differ from Angus and Brangus cows; however, there was no evidence to suggest that there was any advantage in use of areas far from water by any breed group./La distribución del pastoreo puede ser mejorada usando razas de ganado que se adapten a caminar largas distancias en potreros grandes. Se realizó un estudio de dos años para evaluar la distribución del pastoreo y calidad de la dieta de vacas Angus, Brangus, y Brahman (siete vacas por grupo racial) en el Desierto Chihuahuense durante tres temporadas (invierno, inicio, y finales de verano) usando tres potreros. Dos collares con GPS fueron asignados aleatoriamente a cada grupo racial y la posición de las vacas fue anotada cada 10 minutos por periodos de 10 a 14 días en cada potrero (tres periodos por temporada). En 2008, los grupos raciales fueron evaluados en porteros separados y los datos fueron analizados en un diseño de cuadro latino de 3 X 3. En 2009, todos los grupos raciales fueron evaluados al mismo tiempo en los mismos potreros. En 2008 se recolectaron muestras fecales y se analizaron usando espectroscopia infrarroja (NIRS) para estimar la calidad de la dieta. Sí se excluye el tiempo registrado de cuando las vacas estuvieron descansando, las vacas Brahman recorrieron mayores distancias por día que las vacas Angus a través del estudio y mayor (P< 0.10) que las vacas Brangus en todos pero una temporada durante el 2009. No se encontró diferencia (P>0.10) en distancia a el agua en promedio entre los grupos raciales. Durante el inicio del verano de 2008 e inicio y final del verano de 2009 las vacas Angus mantuvieron un patrón de pastoreo más lineal (P<0.10) que las vacas Brangus y Brahman. Las vacas Brahman mostraron un patrón mas sinuoso de pastoreo (P<0.10) que las otras razas durante elinicio y final del verano en 2009. En 2008 no se encontraron diferencias con relación al contenido de proteína cruda en las dietas (P>0.10) entre los grupos raciales en todas las temporadas. El movimiento espacial de las vacas Brahmas parece diferir de las vacas Angus y Brangus; sin embargo, no hubo evidencia que sugiera de alguna ventaja en el uso de áreas distantes del agua para ningún grupo racial.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00042.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 4 (July 2012)

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