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    Differences in Plant Species Composition as Evidence of Alternate States in the Sagebrush Steppe

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    Author
    Kachergis, Emily
    Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria E.
    Rocca, Monique E. cc
    Issue Date
    2012-09-01
    Keywords
    chemical shrub treatment
    ecological sites
    multivariate statistics
    northwest Colorado
    rangeland management
    state-and-transition models
    
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    Citation
    Kachergis, E., Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E., & Rocca, M. E. (2012). Differences in plant species composition as evidence of alternate states in the sagebrush steppe. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65(5), 486-497.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Rangeland Ecology & Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642658
    DOI
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00137.1
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    State-and-transition models (STMs), conceptual models of vegetation change based on alternate state theory, are increasingly applied as tools for land management decision-making. As STMs are created throughout the United States, it is crucial to ensure that they are supported by ecological evidence. Plant species composition reflects ecosystem processes that are difficult to measure and may be a useful indicator of alternate states. This study aims to create data-driven STMs based on plant species composition for two ecological sites (Claypan and Mountain Loam) in northwestern Colorado sagebrush steppe. We sampled 76 plots with different management and disturbance histories. Drawing on the hierarchical approach currently taken to build STMs, we hypothesized that A) differences in species composition between the two ecological sites would be related to environmental factors and B) differences in species composition within each ecological site would be related to management and disturbance history. Relationships among species composition, site history, and environmental variables were evaluated using multivariate statistics. We found that between ecological sites, species composition was related to differences in soil texture, supporting Hypothesis A and the creation of separate STMs for each site. Within ecological sites, species composition was related to site history and also to environmental variation. This finding partially supports Hypothesis B and the identification of alternate states using species composition, but also suggests that these ecological sites are not uniform physical templates upon which plant community dynamics play out. This data-driven, plant species-based approach created two objective, credible STMs with states and transitions that are consistent with the sagebrush steppe literature. Our findings support the hierarchical view of landscapes currently applied in building STMs. An approach that acknowledges environmental heterogeneity within ecological sites is necessary to help define finer-resolution ecological sites and elucidate cases in which specific abiotic conditions make transitions between states more likely./Los Modelos de Estado y Transición (MET), que son modelos conceptuales en cambios de la vegetación basados la teoría delestado alternativo, su aplicación está en aumento como herramienta para la tomada de decisiones en el manejo de la tierra. Como los MET se han creado a través de los Estados Unidos, es vital que aseguremos que estos están apoyados por evidencia ecológica. La composición de especies refleja el proceso del ecosistema que es difícil de medir y podría ser un indicador útil d eestados alternativos. Este estudio ayuda a crear un MET dirigido por datos basado en las composición de especies de plantas dedos sitios ecológicos (Claypan y Mountain Loam) en la estepa de artemisa al noroeste de de Colorado. Muestramos 76 parcelas con diferente manejo e historias de disturbio. Dibujando el concepto jerárquico actualmente usado para construir los MET, establecimos las siguientes hipótesis A) Las diferencias en la composición de especies entre los dos sitios ecológicos podrían estar relacionadas a factores medioambientales y B) las diferencias en la composición de especies dentro de cada sitio ecológicos podrían estar relacionadas por el manejo y la historia de disturbio. Las relaciones entre la composición de especies, la historia del sitio y las variables medioambientales fueron evaluadas usando estadística multivariada. Encontramos que entre sitios ecológicos, la composición de especies estuvo relacionada con las diferentes texturas del suelo, apoyando la Hipotesis A y la creación de MET separados. Dentro de los sitios ecológicos, la composición de especies estuvo relacionada a la historia del sitio y también a variables medioambientales. Estos resultados apoyan parcialmente la Hipotesis B y la identificación de estados alternativos usando la composición de especies, pero también sugieren que estos sitios ecológicos no son uniformes en laplantilla física que es donde la dinámica de la comunidad vegetal se desenvuelve. Este concepto basado en datos dirigidos en especies de plantas creo dos objetivos, creíbles MET con estados y transiciones que son consistentes con la literatura de la estepade artemisa. Nuestros resultados apoyan el punto de vista jerárquico de paisajes que se usan actualmente para construir MET’s.Un enfoque que reconoce la heterogeneidad medioambiental dentro de sitios ecológicos es necesaria para ayudar a definir mejor resolución de sitios ecológicos y aclarar casos donde condiciones abióticas especificas hacen la transición mas probable.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2111/REM-D-11-00137.1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Rangeland Ecology & Management, Volume 65, Number 5 (September 2012)

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