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    Grazing impacts on soil nitrogen and phosphorus under Parkland pastures

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    Author
    Baron, V. S.
    Dick, A. C.
    Mapfumo, E.
    Malhi, S. S.
    Naeth, M. A.
    Chanasyk, D. S.
    Issue Date
    2001-11-01
    Keywords
    Bromus inermis
    NPK fertilizers
    Bromus riparius
    triticale
    nitrate nitrogen
    sown grasslands
    soil fertility
    Alberta
    stocking rate
    use efficiency
    species differences
    phosphorus
    grazing intensity
    soil chemistry
    nitrogen content
    application rates
    prairies
    range management
    beef cattle
    ammonium
    faeces
    grazing intensity
    macronutrient status
    urine
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    Citation
    Baron, V. S., Dick, A. C., Mapfumo, E., Malhi, S. S., Naeth, M. A., & Chanasyk, D. S. (2001). Grazing impacts on soil nitrogen and phosphorus under Parkland pastures. Journal of Range Management, 54(6), 704-710.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643614
    DOI
    10.2307/4003675
    10.2458/azu_jrm_v54i6_baron
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Because intensive grazing is new to the humid western Canadian parkland (prairies), there is little information available about its effects on soil N and P status. This study addressed the question of grazing intensity and pasture species effects on soil macronutrient status in a Typic Haplustoll at Lacombe, Alberta. Paddocks of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rhem.), and winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack.), replicated 4 times, were subjected to 3 grazing intensities (heavy, medium, and light as defined by frequency and severity of defoliation) using yearling beef heifers. Nitrogen (N), P and K fertilisers were broadcast annually at 100, 22 and 42 kg ha(-1) during production years. The experiment was maintained on the same paddocks for 4 years. In the establishment year and in the third and fourth production years, soil samples were taken randomly from each paddock to a depth of 60 cm. Concentrations of nitrate-N (NO3-N), ammonium-N (NH4-N), mineral-N (the sum of NO3-N and NH4-N), total Kjeldahl-N, and extractable-P were determined in the 0-15, 15-30, 30-60, and 0-60-cm depths. Nitrate-N concentration was (1.7 to 2.4 times) greater for heavy than light grazed treatments for each soil depth increment and the amount of NO3-N in the 0-60 cm depth was 2.2 times greater than light paddocks. More NO3-N was measured under perennials than triticale (22.2 vs 13.6 mg kg(-1), respectively) at the 30-60-cm depth. Ammonium-N amount (0-60 cm) was greater in meadow bromegrass (30 kg ha(-1)) than in triticale (25 kg ha(-1)), but not smooth bromegrass paddocks for the 0-15-cm depth. Extractable-P concentration was greater in the 0-15-cm depth of heavy (154 mg kg(-1)) than in medium (138 mg kg(-1)) or light-grazed (127 mg kg(-1)) paddocks and was higher under meadow bromegrass than under triticale. Given the large amounts of NO3-N in the heavy paddocks, there is potential for loss through both leaching and denitrification. Differences among treatments for NH4-N, and P concentrations are not of particular concern environmentally, but are important from a fertility management point of view.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4003675
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 6 (November 2001)

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