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    Intake and digestive kinetics of leaf and stem fractions

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    Author
    Lamb, J. B.
    Adams, D. C.
    Klopfenstein, T. J.
    Grant, R. J.
    Sims, P. L.
    White, L. M.
    Waller, S. S.
    Issue Date
    2002-01-01
    Keywords
    rumen
    particle size
    organic matter
    leaves
    ash
    stems
    cutting date
    fiber content
    voluntary intake
    Nebraska
    hay
    steers
    digestibility
    crude protein
    pH
    transit time
    beef cattle
    feed intake
    maturity stage
    digestibility
    retention
    particle size
    rumen
    feces
    omasum
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    Citation
    Lamb, J. B., Adams, D. C., Klopfenstein, T. J., Grant, R. J., Sims, P. L., White, L. M., & Waller, S. S. (2002). Intake and digestive kinetics of leaf and stem fractions. Journal of Range Management, 55(1), 57-64.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643625
    DOI
    10.2307/4003263
    10.2458/azu_jrm_v55i1_lamb
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Ruminally fistulated steers were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square to test effects of immature (vegetative) and mature (post reproductive) leaf and stem fractions from subirrigated meadow hay on organic matter intake (OMI), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and digestive kinetics. Hay was harvested 1 June (immature) and 1 October (mature), chopped into 3- to 5-cm lengths, then separated into leaf and stem fractions using a modified Clipper Cleaner Model Super 69D. Steers were provided ad libitum access to fractions and supplemented with urea so that diets were iso-nitrogenous. Particulate passage was determined using Yb labeled large hay particles [greater than or equal to 1.7-mm screen] and Er labeled small particles [< 1.7-mm and greater than or equal to 0.212-mm screen]. Samples were collected from the rumen, omasum, feces, and un-masticated diets for particle size determination. Particle size was determined using wet sieving techniques. Voluntary OMI of immature fractions (15.4 g kg(-1) BW) was greater (P < 0.05) than mature fractions (12.5 g kg(-1) BW). Within maturity OMI and OMD of leaves and stems were similar. Immature fractions had greater (P < 0.05) OMD (63.2%) than mature fractions (55.7%). Large and small particle passage rates were faster (P < 0.05) for immature fractions [3.2% hour(-1) (large) and 4.3% hour(-1) (small)] than mature [(2.3% hour(-1) (large) and 2.9% hour(-1) (small)]. Critical particle size for ruminal escape was less than or equal to 1.18 mm for both leaves and stems regardless of maturity. Differences in OMI and OMD between immature and mature fractions were explained by changes in structural components of the cell wall that made particles more resistant to mechanical and microbial breakdown.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4003263
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 55, Number 1 (January 2002)

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