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    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 54 (2001)
    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)
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    Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture

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    Author
    Thompson, F. N.
    Stuedemann, J. A.
    Hill, N. S.
    Issue Date
    2001-07-01
    Keywords
    body temperature
    necrosis
    Claviceps
    Claviceps purpurea
    mutualism
    Phalaris arundinacea
    lactation
    Neotyphodium coenophialum
    sexual reproduction
    Festuca arundinacea
    Lolium perenne
    alkaloids
    Lolium multiflorum
    persistence
    seeds
    pastures
    growth rate
    literature reviews
    ergot alkaloids
    tall fescue
    ergotism
    perennial ryegrass
    reed canarygrass
    annual ryegrass
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    Citation
    Thompson, F. N., Stuedemann, J. A., & Hill, N. S. (2001). Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture. Journal of Range Management, 54(4), 474-489.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643896
    DOI
    10.2307/4003119
    10.2458/azu_jrm_v54i4_thompson
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    The greatest anti-quality associated with eastern temperature pasture grasses is the result of ergot alkaloids found in endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium ceonophialum) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) The relationship between the grass and the endophyte is mutualistic with greater persistence and herbage mass as a result of the endophyte. Ergot alkaloids reduce growth rate, lactation, and reproduction in livestock. Significant effects are the result of elevated body temperature and reduced peripheral blood flow such that necrosis may result. Perturbations also occur in a variety of body systems. Planting new pastures with seed containing a "non-toxic" endophyte appears to be a potential solution. Ergotism results from the ingestion of the scelerotia of Claviceps purpurea containing ergot alkaloids found on seed heads. Ergotism resembles the effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue. Endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) contains ergot and lotirem alkaloids that result in reduced growth and tremors. Reed canarygrass (Phalaris Anundinacba L.) contains tryptamine, hordenine and gramine alkaloids that reduce growth. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiplorum L. may contain galls with cornetoxins which result in neurological signs.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4003119
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

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