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    Nitrogen fertilization, botanical composition and biomass production on mixed-grass rangeland

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    Author
    Samuel, M. J.
    Hart, R. H.
    Issue Date
    1998-07-01
    Keywords
    long term experiments
    grassland improvement
    cost-benefit analysis
    rain
    nitrogen fertilizers
    stocking rate
    forbs
    Pascopyrum smithii
    Bouteloua gracilis
    Wyoming
    application rates
    biomass
    botanical composition
    grasses
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    Citation
    Samuel, M. J., & Hart, R. H. (1998). Nitrogen fertilization, botanical composition and biomass production on mixed-grass rangeland. Journal of Range Management, 51(4), 408-416.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644138
    DOI
    10.2307/4003325
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Many studies have reported nitrogen (N) fertilization of rangeland, but few have reported changes in botanical composition, which may be as important as changes in forage production, or were continued for as long as 14 years. We determined frequency of occurrence of over 90 plant species in 1976-1988 under rates of 0, 22, or 34 kg N ha-1 applied in spring or fall to mixed-grass rangeland in southeast Wyoming; frequency of 23 species will be reported. We also determined total biomass production and production of major species and species groups in 1982-1988. Blue grama Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Griffiths] frequency decreased during years 5 through 7 because of the interaction of N and drought. The effects of long-term application of N decreased blue grama in year 12 and beyond. Nitrogen fertilization increased frequency of western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Love] in all years except the driest year of the study. Needleleaf sedge [Carex eleocharis Bailey] decreased because grazing had been removed from the study area; this occurred sooner and to a greater extent on fertilized than on unfertilized plots. Fourteen other perennial species were quite variable in response to the 3 rates and the 2 seasons of application. Frequency of 6 annual species fluctuated greatly among years and treatments. Nitrogen fertilization did not increase average forage production enough to be profitable for cattle production.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4003325
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 51, Number 4 (July 1998)

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