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    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 46 (1993)
    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 46, Number 5 (September 1993)
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    Factors influencing pine needle consumption by grazing cattle during winter

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    Author
    Pfister, J. A.
    Adams, D. C.
    Issue Date
    1993-09-01
    Keywords
    pregnancy
    abortion
    cows
    Pinus ponderosa
    grazing behavior
    Montana
    browsing
    feeding preferences
    poisonous plants
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Pfister, J. A., & Adams, D. C. (1993). Factors influencing pine needle consumption by grazing cattle during winter. Journal of Range Management, 46(5), 394-398.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644559
    DOI
    10.2307/4002656
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson) needles cause abortions in pregnant cows. We examined pine needle consumption by cattle in 2 trials in eastern Montana. Trial 1 compared pregnant and open cows (n=4) from January to March 1989; trial 2 compared pregnant cattle (n=4) that received either 9 kg alfalfa hay head-1 day-1 or 1.4 kg alfalfa pellets head-1 day-1 from December 1989 to February 1990. Diets were estimated using both bite counts and fecal analysis. During trial 1, bite counts revealed pregnant and open cows consumed 45 and 42% of their grazing diets as pine needles (P>0.1). Fecal analysis showed that pregnant cows consumed more pine needles than did open cows (36% vs. 27%, respectively) (P<0.05). During trial 2, cattle consumed < 1% of their diets as pine needles. In trial 1 cattle consumed less pine litter and consumed more needles from trees as snow depth increased. Consumption of needles from trees increased as ambient temperature declined; no needles were consumed from trees when the minimum daily temperature exceeded -5” C. During both trials, grazing times decreased as temperatures declined, and increased as snow depth and wind speed decreased. We conclude that weather is a major factor influencing needle consumption; other interrelated factors may be forage availability, snow cover, and grazing time. Plne needle consumption, and the risk of abortion, in pregnant cattle appears to be greatly diminished during mild winter weather.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4002656
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 46, Number 5 (September 1993)

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