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    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 45 (1992)
    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 45, Number 4 (July 1992)
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    Viewpoint: A view on species additions and deletions and the balance of nature

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    Author
    Johnson, H. B.
    Mayeux, H. S.
    Issue Date
    1992-07-01
    Keywords
    biogeography
    extinction
    Larrea tridentata
    weeds
    ecosystems
    biological control
    evolution
    paleoecology
    climax communities
    vegetation management
    plant ecology
    population dynamics
    vegetation
    botanical composition
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    Citation
    Johnson, H. B., & Mayeux, H. S. (1992). Viewpoint: A view on species additions and deletions and the balance of nature. Journal of Range Management, 45(4), 322-333.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644655
    DOI
    10.2307/4003077
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    Popular assumptions about ecosystem stability and the delicate balance of nature are found lacking when examined in terms of paleoecological, historical and current biochronological, and biogeographical sequences in a wide variety of environments. Species composition of vegetation varies continuously in time as well as space in the absence of acute perturbations. Species have been added to or removed from ecosystems without greatly affecting ecosystem function. Natural ecosystems exhibit greater stability (inertia) in physiognomic structure and functional processes than in species composition. For instance, creosotebush became dominant over many millions of hectares of the Chihuahuan, Sonoran, and Mojave Deserts over a short period of 11,000 years, but a limited number of generations precludes establishment of highly integrated and biologically regulated communities by co-evolution. Dramatic shifts in species composition of eastern deciduous forests of North America occurred in prehistory and continue into the present. Similar changes are noted in the constant assembling and reassembling of species in the purportedly ancient and stable forests of the tropics. Numerous introductions with few extinctions in the flora of California have increased species richness and probably diversity, and many recent additions are primary contributors to ecosystem productivity. Recognition that rangeland ecosystems persist in unstable rather than stable species compositions provides both a challenge and an opportunity for natural resource management. The challenge is to develop new management principles that incorporate nonequilibrium theory. The opportunity is the promotion of policies and regulations that more closely reflect reality.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4003077
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 45, Number 4 (July 1992)

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