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    • Journal of Range Management, Volume 44 (1991)
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    Research observations: Standardized terminology for structures resulting in emergence and crown placement of 3 perennial grasses

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    Author
    Ries, R. E.
    Hofmann, L.
    Issue Date
    1991-07-01
    Keywords
    nodes
    pascopyron smithii
    internodes
    mesocotyls
    coleoptiles
    terminology
    Bromus inermis
    Bouteloua curtipendula
    seedling growth
    plant morphology
    seedling emergence
    seedlings
    plant anatomy
    Pascopyrum smithii
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    Citation
    Ries, R. E., & Hofmann, L. (1991). Research observations: Standardized terminology for structures resulting in emergence and crown placement of 3 perennial grasses. Journal of Range Management, 44(4), 404-407.
    Publisher
    Society for Range Management
    Journal
    Journal of Range Management
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644775
    DOI
    10.2307/4002409
    Additional Links
    https://rangelands.org/
    Abstract
    A significant problem we encountered in grass establishment research was confusion in the literature over seedling structures and terminology. From review of the historical literature and our observations of growth-chamber grown sideoats grama [Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.] western wheatgrass [Agropyron smithii Rydb.; new cytogenetic = Pascopyron smithii Rydb. (Loeve)l and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) seedlings, we suggest standard structures and terminology for grass seedlings. The nodes of a grass seedling are defined as the scutellar node, coleoptilar node, and leaf nodes named in sequence from first to last. The internode between the scutellar and coleoptilar nodes is termed the mesocotyl. The internode that develops inside the coleoptile between the coleoptilar and first leaf nodes is defined as the first leaf internode. Subsequent internodes are named for the leaf node immediately above; e.g., second leaf internode. Using these structures and terminology we found the "mechanism" of emergence for these grass seedlings from a 25-mm seeding depth was elongation of the mesocotyl (when expressed) and elongation of the coleoptile. Sideoats grama had a long mesocotyl and short coleoptile; western wheatgrass lacked or had a short mesocotyl and a long coleoptile; and smooth bromegrass had intermediate mesocotyl and coleoptile lengths. The "mechanism" of crown placement for seedlings that emerged and survived from a 51-mm seeding depth was non-elongation or elongation of the mesocotyl and leaf internodes. The crowns of sideoats grams seedlings were at the coleoptilar node, which was close to the soil surface. Western wheatgrass seedlings have their crowns near planting depth, usually at the coleoptilar node. Smooth bromegrass crowns were at variable depths because of variable elongation of the mesocotyl and leaf internodes.
    Type
    text
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0022-409X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2307/4002409
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Journal of Range Management, Volume 44, Number 4 (July 1991)

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