Seedbed Ecology of Winterfat: Fruits Versus Threshed Seeds

Abstract

This series of studies compare winterfat establishment from whole fruits and seed. The studies have demonstrated that the long hairs of the fruit function as 'anchors' which help the radicle of a germinant to penetrate and begin growth into the soil. Other factors associated with the fruit also aid plant establishment. These factors have to do with better positive geotropic response of the radicle and with seedling vigor as measured by radicle growth in the soil. For these reasons, seedling establishment is better when fruits are broadcast, rather than when threshed seed is broadcast or planted at a 0.64 cm depth. Soaking fruits in water at 0 degrees C for 48 hours significantly improved germination rate and percentage. Recommendations are made for field planting winterfat.