Factors Influencing Bitterweed Seed Germination

Abstract

Bitterweed seed germination exceeded 90% at constant temperatures between 20 degrees and 25 degrees C and more than 65% between 15 degrees and 30 degrees C in a controlled environment chamber. Seeds germinated equally well in light and dark conditions. Germination percentages of seeds in aqueous media with a pH range of 5 to 9 were significantly different, but the range of germination (91 to 97%) probably is not sufficient to affect distribution. However, a decrease in water availability significantly decreased bitterweed seed germination. Viability of bitterweed seed did not change significantly after 39 months dry storage at room temperature, but was significantly reduced at 47 months.