THEMIS: A Parameter Estimation Framework for the Event Horizon Telescope
Author
Broderick, Avery E.Gold, Roman
Karami, Mansour
Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A.
Tiede, Paul
Pu, Hung-Yi
Akiyama, Kazunori
Alberdi, Antxon
Alef, Walter
Asada, Keiichi
Azulay, Rebecca
Baczko, Anne-Kathrin
Balokovic, Mislav
Barrett, John
Bintley, Dan
Blackburn, Lindy
Boland, Wilfred
Bouman, Katherine L.
Bower, Geoffrey C.

Bremer, Michael
Brinkerink, Christiaan D.
Brissenden, Roger
Britzen, Silke
Broguiere, Dominique
Bronzwaer, Thomas
Byun, Do-Young
Carlstrom, John E.
Chael, Andrew
Chatterjee, Shami
Chatterjee, Koushik
Chen, Ming-Tang
Chen, Yongjun
Cho, Ilje
Conway, John E.
Cordes, James M.
Crew, Geoffrey B.
Cui, Yuzhu
Davelaar, Jordy
De Laurentis, Mariafelicia
Deane, Roger
Dempsey, Jessica
Desvignes, Gregory
Doeleman, Sheperd S.
Eatough, Ralph P.
Falcke, Heino
Fish, Vincent L.
Fomalont, Ed
Fraga-Encinas, Raquel
Friberg, Per
Fromm, Christian M.
Galison, Peter
Gammie, Charles F.
Garcia, Roberto
Gentaz, Olivier
Georgiev, Boris
Goddi, Ciriaco
Gomez, Jose L.
Gu, Minfeng
Gurwell, Mark
Hada, Kazuhiro
Hecht, Michael H.
Hesper, Ronald
Ho, Luis C.

Ho, Paul
Honma, Mareki
Huang, Chih-Wei L.
Huang, Lei
Hughes, David H.
Inoue, Makoto
Issaoun, Sara
James, David J.
Janssen, Michael
Jeter, Britton
Jiang, Wu
Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra
Johnson, Michael D.
Jorstad, Svetlana
Jung, Taehyun
Karuppusamy, Ramesh
Kawashima, Tomohisa
Keating, Garrett K.

Kettenis, Mark
Kim, Jae-Young
Kim, Jongsoo
Kino, Motoki
Koay, Jun Yi
Koch, Patrick M.
Koyama, Shoko
Kramer, Michael
Kramer, Carsten
Krichbaum, Thomas P.
Kuo, Cheng-Yu
Lee, Sang-Sung
Li, Yan-Rong
Li, Zhiyuan
Lindqvist, Michael
Lico, Rocco
Liu, Kuo
Liuzzo, Elisabetta
Lo, Wen-Ping
Lobanov, Andrei P.
Loinard, Laurent
Lonsdale, Colin
Lu, Ru-Sen
MacDonald, Nicholas R.
Mao, Jirong
Marscher, Alan P.
Marti-Vidal, Ivan
Matsushita, Satoki
Matthews, Lynn D.
Menten, Karl M.

Mizuno, Yosuke
Mizuno, Izumi
Moran, James M.
Moriyama, Kotaro
Moscibrodzka, Monika
Muller, Cornelia
Nagai, Hiroshi
Nagar, Neil M.
Nakamura, Masanori
Narayan, Ramesh
Narayanan, Gopal
Natarajan, Iniyan
Neri, Roberto

Ni, Chunchong
Noutsos, Aristeidis
Okino, Hiroki
Olivares, Hector
Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N.
Oyama, Tomoaki
Palumbo, Daniel C. M.
Park, Jongho
Pen, Ue-Li
Pesce, Dominic W.
Pietu, Vincent
Plambeck, Richard
PopStefanija, Aleksandar
Porth, Oliver
Prather, Ben
Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh
Rao, Ramprasad
Rawlings, Mark G.
Raymond, Alexander W.
Rezzolla, Luciano
Ripperda, Bart
Roelofs, Freek
Rogers, Alan
Ros, Eduardo
Rose, Mel
Rottmann, Helge
Ruszczyk, Chet
Ryan, Benjamin R.
Rygl, Kazi L. J.
Sanchez, Salvador
Sanchez-Arguelles, David
Sasada, Mahito
Savolainen, Tuomas
Schloerb, F. Peter
Schuster, Karl-Friedrich
Shao, Lijing
Shen, Zhiqiang
Small, Des
Sohn, Bong Won
SooHoo, Jason
Tazaki, Fumie
Tilanus, Remo P. J.
Titus, Michael
Toma, Kenji
Torne, Pablo
Traianou, Efthalia
Trippe, Sascha
Tsuda, Shuichiro
van Bemmel, Ilse
van Langevelde, Huib Jan
van Rossum, Daniel R.
Wagner, Jan
Wardle, John
Weintroub, Jonathan
Wex, Norbert
Wharton, Robert
Wielgus, Maciek
Wong, George N.
Wu, Qingwen
Yoon, Doosoo
Young, Andre
Young, Ken
Younsi, Ziri
Yuan, Feng
Yuan, Ye-Fei
Zensus, J. Anton
Zhao, Guangyao
Zhao, Shan-Shan
Zhu, Ziyan
Affiliation
Univ Arizona, Steward ObservUniv Arizona, Dept Astron
Issue Date
2020-07Keywords
Astrophysical black holesGalactic center
Astronomy data analysis
Very long baseline interferometry
Submillimeter astronomy
Metadata
Show full item recordPublisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTDCitation
Avery E. Broderick et al 2020 ApJ 897 139Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNALRights
Copyright © 2020. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provides the unprecedented ability to directly resolve the structure and dynamics of black hole emission regions on scales smaller than their horizons. This has the potential to critically probe the mechanisms by which black holes accrete and launch outflows, and the structure of supermassive black hole spacetimes. However, accessing this information is a formidable analysis challenge for two reasons. First, the EHT natively produces a variety of data types that encode information about the image structure in nontrivial ways; these are subject to a variety of systematic effects associated with very long baseline interferometry and are supplemented by a wide variety of auxiliary data on the primary EHT targets from decades of other observations. Second, models of the emission regions and their interaction with the black hole are complex, highly uncertain, and computationally expensive to construct. As a result, the scientific utilization of EHT observations requires a flexible, extensible, and powerful analysis framework. We present such a framework,Themis, which defines a set of interfaces between models, data, and sampling algorithms that facilitates future development. We describe the design and currently existing components ofThemis, howThemishas been validated thus far, and present additional analyses made possible byThemisthat illustrate its capabilities. Importantly, we demonstrate thatThemisis able to reproduce prior EHT analyses, extend these, and do so in a computationally efficient manner that can efficiently exploit modern high-performance computing facilities.Themishas already been used extensively in the scientific analysis and interpretation of the first EHT observations of M87.Note
Open access articleISSN
0004-637XEISSN
1538-4357Version
Final published versionae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3847/1538-4357/ab91a4
Scopus Count
Collections
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2020. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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