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    US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, Radiocarbon Dates XV: Mauna Loa and Kilauea Volcanoes, Hawaii

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    Author
    Kelley, M. L.
    Spiker, E. C.
    Lipman, P. W.
    Lockwood, J. P.
    Holcomb, R. T.
    Rubin, M.
    Issue Date
    1979-01-01
    Keywords
    basaltic composition
    Hawaii County Hawaii
    Hawai’i Island
    Kilauea
    Mauna Loa
    Hawaii
    East Pacific Ocean Islands
    Oceania
    Polynesia
    lava flows
    Holocene
    United States
    Cenozoic
    charcoal
    Quaternary
    geochronology
    C 14
    carbon
    dates
    isotopes
    radioactive isotopes
    absolute age
    fractionation
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    Citation
    Kelley, M. L., Spiker, E. C., Lipman, P. W., Lockwood, J. P., Holcomb, R. T., & Rubin, M. (1979). US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, radiocarbon dates XV: Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes, Hawaii. Radiocarbon, 21(2), 306-320.
    Publisher
    American Journal of Science
    Journal
    Radiocarbon
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/652572
    DOI
    10.1017/S0033822200004434
    Additional Links
    http://radiocarbon.webhost.uits.arizona.edu/
    Type
    Article
    text
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0033-8222
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1017/S0033822200004434
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Radiocarbon, Volume 21, Number 2 (1979)

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      Early contact period studies of first intercultural interactions are important for understanding both traditional pre-contact society and the changes brought about by culture contact. Using documentary records kept by early Euroamerican visitors, the sociolinguistic technique of interactional analysis was employed to identify and analyze specific Euroamerican descriptions of intercultural exchange interactions during early contact period Hawai'i (1778-1819). Statistical analyses revealed clear and consistent differences in the reported exchange experiences of high and low status individuals from both cultures. In the majority of the seven hundred and one (701) events, high status individuals from both cultures interacted together or low status individuals from both cultures interacted together. Interactions with mixed high and low status interactants rarely were reported. High status interactions were described in more detail than were low status interactions, and high status interactants were associated much more frequently with the rarer or less common aspects of exchange than were low status interactants. This was true for type of exchange, nature of exchange (whether mediated or direct), complexity of event description, and both Euroamerican and Hawaiian exchange goods. Narrator and voyage characteristics exhibited similarly distinct status associations. The early historic period was not a homogeneous or monolithic period. All major aspects of exchange events demonstrated simple diachronic change, and many were significant under more powerful statistical analysis as well. Some temporal variations were due to changes in narrator characteristics, particularly purpose of voyage. Other changes reflected shifting methods of control by both Euroamerican and Hawaiian high status individuals as well as the consolidation of power by high status Hawaiian ali'i. Mediated events were especially good indicators of these developments. A complementary analysis of thefts revealed clear status distinctions between low status Hawaiian thieves, low status Euroamerican victims, and high status Hawaiian agents of return. These descriptions indicated that thefts were neither numerous nor particularly important. Thus, interactional analysis provided an alternative to anecdotal ethnohistoric analysis. At the same time, it demonstrated the importance of analyzing collections of ethnohistoric documents in order to assess the variation (and the meaning of that variation) both within and between the individual documents.
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      Evolution of mid-plate hotspot swells, mantle plumes, and Hawaiian basalts.

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