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    AMS 14C Dating of Equipment from the Iceman and of Spruce Logs from the Prehistoric Salt Mines of Hallstatt

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    Author
    Rom, Werner
    Golser, Robin
    Kutschera, Walter
    Priller, Alfred
    Steier, Peter
    Wild, Eva M.
    Issue Date
    1999-01-01
    Keywords
    Hallstatt Austria
    Iceman
    mines
    evaporites
    salt
    chemically precipitated rocks
    accelerator mass spectra
    calibration
    mathematical methods
    mass spectra
    spectra
    Italy
    Southern Europe
    Austria
    archaeology
    archaeological sites
    Holocene
    upper Holocene
    Central Europe
    data processing
    Europe
    sample preparation
    Cenozoic
    Quaternary
    wood
    C 14
    carbon
    dates
    isotopes
    radioactive isotopes
    absolute age
    sedimentary rocks
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    Citation
    Rom, W., Golser, R., Kutschera, W., Priller, A., Steier, P., & Wild, E. M. (1999). AMS 14C dating of equipment from the Iceman and of spruce logs from the prehistoric salt mines of Hallstatt. Radiocarbon, 41(2), 183-197.
    Publisher
    Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona
    Journal
    Radiocarbon
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/654428
    DOI
    10.1017/S0033822200019536
    Additional Links
    http://radiocarbon.webhost.uits.arizona.edu/
    Abstract
    This paper summarizes radiocarbon measurements of mainly botanical samples from the Iceman ("Otzi") and from his discovery site, an Alpine glacier at the Austrian-Italian border. The results were obtained by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at 3 different laboratories (Vienna, Austria; Uppsala, Sweden; Gif-sur-Yvette, France) between 1992 and 1997. All the dates, except 2, are consistent with the time period 3360-3100 BC, as previously determined from bone and tissue samples from the Iceman himself. The 2 exceptional dates from wooden artifacts suggest that the site of the Iceman was used as a mountain pass for millennia prior to and after the lifetime of "Ötzi". For a 2nd sample complex, we studied logs from the beginning of salt mining in the world's oldest salt mines at Hallstatt in Upper Austria. 14C AMS measurements were performed in Vienna on spruce samples found in the prehistoric mines and from a log-house on the surface. Data evaluation included "wiggle matching" of different sets of tree rings. The results suggest that salt mining in the Hallstatt region took place in the 14th-13th century BC, well before the so-called Hallstatt period. We discuss in some detail the chemical pretreatment of the samples and the data evaluation. We also present a comprehensive survey of 14C dates available in the literature concerning both botanical remains from the vicinity of the Iceman and from the earliest salt mining in Hallstatt.
    Type
    Article
    text
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0033-8222
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1017/S0033822200019536
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Radiocarbon, Volume 41, Number 2 (1999)

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