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    Structural evidence from shock metamorphism in simple and complex impact craters: Linking observations to theory

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    Author
    Dence, M. R.
    Issue Date
    2004-01-01
    Keywords
    Attenuation
    Central peak
    Transient crater
    shock metamorphism
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Dence, M. R. (2004). Structural evidence from shock metamorphism in simple and complex impact craters: Linking observations to theory. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 39(2), 267-286.
    Publisher
    The Meteoritical Society
    Journal
    Meteoritics & Planetary Science
    Description
    From the proceedings of the Workshop on Impact Cratering: Bridging the Gap between Modeling and Observations held in February 2003 at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/655803
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1945-5100.2004.tb00340.x
    Additional Links
    https://meteoritical.org/
    Abstract
    The structure of Canadian impact craters formed in crystalline rocks is analyzed using shock metamorphism and evidence for movement along shear zones. The analysis is based on an interpretation that, beyond the near field region, shock pressure attenuates down axis as P ~ R^(-2), in agreement with nuclear test and computed results, and as P ~ R^(-3) near the surface. In both simple and complex craters, the transient cavity is defined by the limit of fragmentation due to direct and reflected shock waves. The intersection of the transient cavity with hemispheric shock isobars indicates that the transient cavity has a parabolic form. Weakening by dilation during early uplift allows late stage slumping of the walls of simple craters. This is controlled by a spheroidal primary shear of radius rs is approximately equal to 2dt, where dt is the depth of the transient crater due to excavation and initial compression. With increasing crater diameter, the size of the transient cavity decreases relative to the shock imprint, suggesting that fragmentation and excavation is limited by progressively earlier collapse of the margins under gravity. Central peak formation in complex craters may be initiated by relaxation of the shock-compressed central parautochthone, so the primary shear, lubricated by friction melting, meets below the crater floor and drives the continuing upward motion.
    Type
    Proceedings
    text
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1945-5100
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/j.1945-5100.2004.tb00340.x
    Scopus Count
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    Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Volume 39, Number 2 (2004)

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