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    Shock and thermal history of Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001 from transmission electron microscopy

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    Author
    Barber, David J.
    Scott, Edward R. D.
    Issue Date
    2006-01-01
    Keywords
    ALH 84001
    electron microscopy
    thermal history
    shock history
    
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    Citation
    Barber, D. J., & Scott, E. R. D. (2006). Shock and thermal history of Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001 from transmission electron microscopy. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 41(4), 643-662.
    Publisher
    The Meteoritical Society
    Journal
    Meteoritics & Planetary Science
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10150/656128
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1945-5100.2006.tb00487.x
    Additional Links
    https://meteoritical.org/
    Abstract
    Microstructures in the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite were studied using optical and electron microscopy, putting emphasis on shock effects, which are widespread. Some orthopyroxene exhibits only (100) slip, but more typical grains suffered extensive slip, microfracturing, and frequently contain (100) clino-inversion lamellae. In fracture zones, shock deformation of orthopyroxene has produced all three effects in profusion, together with intergranular pockets of orthopyroxene glass and intragranular glass lamellae, which were apparently created by shearing on low index planes, usually (100) or {110}. Both types of plane are loci that pseudo-planar fractures tend to follow. Thus, the glass lamellae, which have not been observed in other meteorites, probably formed by frictional heating during the sliding of microscale corrugated surfaces, one over another, leading to local melting. We infer that the orthopyroxene glass and the fracture zones both formed from shear stresses created by strong shock. Ubiquitous undeformed micrometer and submicrometer euhedral chromites in orthopyroxene and plagioclase glasses and carbonate probably crystallized after shock heating and fracture zone formation. Nanocrystals of eskolaite (Cr2O3) coating silica glass grains are probably also a result of shock-induced thermal decomposition of chromite. Iron sulfides (pyrite and pyrrhotite were identified) tended to be associated with plagioclase glass. A carbonate disk showing no evidence for shock deformation had a substructure of elongated, slightly misoriented subcells in the exterior; interior regions had more eqiaxed subcells. Both microstructures probably formed during growth, but the conditions are undetermined. Chemical composition varied on a micron scale, but the rim of the disk was more ferroan; oxide precipitates and voids were widely distributed as in fracture-filling carbonates. If the fracture zones and opx glass are the result of strong shock, as we deduce, it is very unlikely that pores could have filled by carbonate long after the fracture zones formed. We infer that the carbonate, like the phosphate, olivine, pyrrhotite, eskolaite, and many euhedral, submicrometer chromites, crystallized during the final stages of the impact that created the fracture zones and glasses with compositions of plagioclase, silica, and orthopyroxene.
    Type
    Article
    text
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1945-5100
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/j.1945-5100.2006.tb00487.x
    Scopus Count
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    Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Volume 41, Number 4 (2006)

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