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    Arid Ecosystem Vegetation Canopy-Gap Dichotomy: Influence on Soil Microbial Composition and Nutrient Cycling Functional Potential

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    Author
    Kushwaha, Priyanka
    Neilson, Julia W.
    Barberán, Albert
    Chen, Yongjian
    Fontana, Catherine G.
    Butterfield, Bradley J.
    Maier, Raina M.
    Affiliation
    Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona
    Issue Date
    2021-12-11
    Keywords
    aridity
    deserts
    enzymatic activity
    functional traits
    microsite
    nutrient mineralization
    soil microbiome
    urease
    ureC
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    American Society for Microbiology
    Citation
    Kushwaha, P., Neilson, J. W., Barberán, A., Chen, Y., Fontana, C. G., Butterfield, B. J., & Maier, R. M. (2021). Arid Ecosystem Vegetation Canopy-Gap Dichotomy: Influence on Soil Microbial Composition and Nutrient Cycling Functional Potential. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 87(5).
    Journal
    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    Rights
    © 2021 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Increasing temperatures and drought in desert ecosystems are predicted to cause decreased vegetation density combined with barren ground expansion. It remains unclear how nutrient availability, microbial diversity, and the associated functional capacity vary between the vegetated canopy and gap soils. The specific aim of this study was to characterize canopy versus gap microsite effect on soil microbial diversity, the capacity of gap soils to serve as a canopy soil microbial reservoir, nitrogen (N)-mineralization genetic potential (ureC gene abundance) and urease enzyme activity, and microbial-nutrient pool associations in four arid-hyperarid geolocations of the western Sonoran Desert, Arizona, United States. Microsite combined with geolocation explained 57% and 45.8% of the observed variation in bacterial/archaeal and fungal community composition, respectively. A core microbiome of amplicon sequence variants was shared between the canopy and gap soil communities; however, canopy soils included abundant taxa that were not present in associated gap communities, thereby suggesting that these taxa cannot be sourced from the associated gap soils. Linear mixed-effects models showed that canopy soils have significantly higher microbial richness, nutrient content, and organic N-mineralization genetic and functional capacity. Furthermore, ureC gene abundance was detected in all samples, suggesting that ureC is a relevant indicator of N mineralization in deserts. Additionally, novel phylogenetic associations were observed for ureC, with the majority belonging to Actinobacteria and uncharacterized bacteria. Thus, key N-mineralization functional capacity is associated with a dominant desert phylum. Overall, these results suggest that lower microbial diversity and functional capacity in gap soils may impact ecosystem sustainability as aridity drives openspace expansion in deserts.
    Note
    6 month embargo; first published online 11 December 2020
    ISSN
    0099-2240
    EISSN
    1098-5336
    DOI
    10.1128/aem.02780-20
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    Sponsors
    National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1128/aem.02780-20
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

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