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    Rapid erosion of the central Transantarctic Mountains at the Eocene-Oligocene transition: Evidence from skewed (U-Th)/He date distributions near Beardmore Glacier

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    Author
    He, John
    Thomson, Stuart N.
    Reiners, Peter W.
    Hemming, Sidney R.
    Licht, Kathy J.
    Affiliation
    Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona
    Issue Date
    2021-08
    Keywords
    apatite helium thermochronology
    East Antarctic ice sheet
    glacial erosion
    overdispersion
    subglacial landscape
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Citation
    He, J., Thomson, S. N., Reiners, P. W., Hemming, S. R., & Licht, K. J. (2021). Rapid erosion of the central Transantarctic Mountains at the Eocene-Oligocene transition: Evidence from skewed (U-Th)/He date distributions near Beardmore Glacier. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 567, 117009.
    Journal
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters
    Rights
    © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology has the potential to reconstruct records of erosional exhumation that are critical to understanding interactions between climate, tectonics, and the cryosphere at high latitudes on million-year timescales. However this approach is often hindered by the problem of intrasample single-grain date dispersion. Here we present an extensive new apatite (U-Th)/He dataset (n = 361) from the central Transantarctic Mountains of East Antarctica between 160°E to 170°W and 84 to 86°S, and show that apparently uninterpretable data in most samples are a reflection of inadequate sampling of skewed date distributions. We outline a workflow for interpreting such dispersed data and demonstrate that geologically meaningful age interpretations are possible in the case of rapidly cooled samples, despite the wide array of potential causes for date dispersion. We show that for samples and compilations with a large number of single-grain analyses (n > ∼25), the youngest probability distribution peak represents the most likely time of fast cooling through the apatite (U-Th)/He closure temperature. When fewer grains are analyzed, the youngest peak is represented best by the minimum date or first quartile date, depending on sample size. Using this workflow, we show that since the latest Eocene, up to 8.8 km of exhumation occurred to incise the deepest point of the Beardmore Glacier trough. Rapid incision began at c. 37-34 Ma (at the latest by 34±3 Ma), coinciding with or slightly preceding the initiation of Antarctic glaciation at the Eocene-Oligocene transition, and contributed to at least 2.6 km of exhumation within the first 3-6 million years, at an apparent exhumation rate of no less than 0.4 mm/a. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
    Note
    24 month embargo; available online 27 May 2021
    ISSN
    0012-821X
    DOI
    10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117009
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    Sponsors
    Office of Polar Programs
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117009
    Scopus Count
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    UA Faculty Publications

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