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    An Aerosol Climatology and Implications for Clouds at a Remote Marine Site: Case Study Over Bermuda

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    Author
    Aldhaif, A.M.
    Lopez, D.H.
    Dadashazar, H.
    Painemal, D.
    Peters, A.J.
    Sorooshian, A.
    Affiliation
    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona
    Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona
    Issue Date
    2021
    Keywords
    ACTIVATE
    aerosol
    African dust
    Bermuda
    EVS-3
    sea salt
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Citation
    Aldhaif, A. M., Lopez, D. H., Dadashazar, H., Painemal, D., Peters, A. J., & Sorooshian, A. (2021). An Aerosol Climatology and Implications for Clouds at a Remote Marine Site: Case Study Over Bermuda. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126(9).
    Journal
    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
    Rights
    © 2021 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Aerosol characteristics and aerosol–cloud interactions remain uncertain in remote marine regions. We use over a decade of data (2000–2012) from the NASA AErosol RObotic NETwork, aerosol and wet deposition samples, satellite remote sensors, and models to examine aerosol and cloud droplet number characteristics at a representative open ocean site (Bermuda) over the Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO). Annual mean values were as follows: aerosol optical depth (AOD) = 0.12, Ångström Exponent (440/870 nm) = 0.95, fine mode fraction = 0.51, asymmetry factor = 0.72 (440 nm) and 0.68 (1020 nm), and Aqua-MODIS cloud droplet number concentrations = 51.3 cm−3. The winter season (December–February) was characterized by high sea salt optical thickness and the highest aerosol extinction in the lowest 2 km. Extensive precipitation over the WNAO in winter helps contribute to the low FMFs in winter (∼0.40–0.50) even though air trajectories often originate over North America. Spring and summer had more pronounced influence from sulfate, dust, organic carbon, and black carbon. Volume size distributions were bimodal with a dominant coarse mode (effective radii: 1.85–2.09 µm) and less pronounced fine mode (0.14–0.16 µm), with variability in the coarse mode likely due to different characteristic sizes for transported dust (smaller) versus regional sea salt (larger). Extreme pollution events highlight the sensitivity of this site to long-range transport of urban emissions, dust, and smoke. Differing annual cycles are identified between AOD and cloud droplet number concentrations, motivating a deeper look into aerosol–cloud interactions at this site. © 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Note
    6 month embargo; first published: 07 April 2021
    ISSN
    2169-897X
    DOI
    10.1029/2020JD034038
    Version
    Final published version
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1029/2020JD034038
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

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