Cotton leafroll dwarf virus us genomes comprise divergent subpopulations and harbor extensive variability
Author
Ramos-Sobrinho, R.Adegbola, R.O.
Lawrence, K.
Schrimsher, D.W.
Isakeit, T.
Alabi, O.J.
Brown, J.K.
Affiliation
School of Plant Sciences, University of ArizonaIssue Date
2021
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Ramos-Sobrinho, R., Adegbola, R. O., Lawrence, K., Schrimsher, D. W., Isakeit, T., Alabi, O. J., & Brown, J. K. (2021). Cotton leafroll dwarf virus us genomes comprise divergent subpopulations and harbor extensive variability. Viruses.Journal
VirusesRights
Copyright © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) was first reported in the United States (US) in 2017 from cotton plants in Alabama (AL) and has become widespread in cotton-growing states of the southern US. To investigate the genomic variability among CLRDV isolates in the US, complete genomes of the virus were obtained from infected cotton plants displaying mild to severe symptoms from AL, Florida, and Texas. Eight CLRDV genomes were determined, ranging in size from 5865 to 5867 bp, and shared highest nucleotide identity with other CLRDV isolates in the US, at 95.9–98.7%. Open reading frame (ORF) 0, encoding the P0 silencing suppressor, was the most variable gene, sharing 88.5–99.6% and 81.2–89.3% amino acid similarity with CLRDV isolates reported in cotton growing states in the US and in Argentina and Brazil in South America, respectively. Based on Bayesian analysis, the complete CLRDV genomes from cotton in the US formed a monophyletic group comprising three relatively divergent sister clades, whereas CLRDV genotypes from South America clustered as closely related sister-groups, separate from US isolates, patterns reminiscent of phylogeographical structuring. The CLRDV isolates exhibited a complex pattern of recombination, with most breakpoints evident in ORFs 2 and 3, and ORF5. Despite extensive nucleotide diversity among all available CLRDV genomes, purifying selection (dN/dS < 1) was implicated as the primary selective force acting on viral protein evolution. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Note
Open access journalISSN
1999-4915Version
Final published versionae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3390/v13112230
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).