Assessing knowledge and integration of updated FDA pregnancy and lactation labeling in practice between rural and urban prescribers and dispensers

Abstract

Specific Aims: To compare the knowledge and implementation of the FDA Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR) between rural and urban prescribers and dispensers. Methods: An anonymous electronic survey requesting demographic information as well as participation in a short 6-question knowledge and implementation assessment was distributed via email to approximately 500 prescribers and dispensers throughout the state of Arizona. Results: Surveys were completed by 24 dispensers and 11 prescribers. Participants had a mean age of 41.1 years and 11.09 years in practice with 80% identifying as female. There was no statistically significant difference in performance between prescribers and dispensers in the Knowledge Assessment, however the majority of answers were marked as “unsure.” Dispensers scored an average of 41.7% correct on the Knowledge Assessment, with an average score of 2.5 out of 6 with a median of 3 out of 6. Prescribers scored an average of 28.3% correct with an average score of 1.7 out of 6 and a median score of 1 out of 6. Two dispensers answered all 6 Knowledge Assessment questions correctly. However, 86.9% of dispensers and 40% of prescribers reported rarely using the PLLR in their practice. Additionally, 65% of dispensers and 40% of prescribers are self-reported as “uncomfortable” with the use of the PLLR. Rural and underserved providers posted slightly better mean scores for the knowledge assessment, while these results aren’t significant, they suggest the need for additional support for adoption and implementation of the PLLR for the best care of pregnant and lactating patients. Conclusions: Healthcare providers are likely not yet comfortable with utilizing the new Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule, leading to an opportunity of Continuing Education in this area.