Transdisciplinary research, Indigenous knowledge, and wicked problems

Abstract

Knowledge is not in our heads but arises out of our relations with the environment we inhabit. This implies cognitive diversity in our knowledge systems. Expertise is not enough for solving the major problems of the third millennium and difference (another way of thinking) is just as important. Transdisciplinarity is achieved through collaborative and participatory research processes that cogenerate insights by communities of social practice working in tandem with communities of enquiry. Time is a unique experience that reflects relationality and flexibility in its sociocultural context. This framework may assist with climate change adaptation at the local level.