BEYOND PILLS: HUMANIZING MEDICINE IN THE FACE OF THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC

Abstract

The following literature review will begin by taking a microscopic perspective on the rewarding neural pathways of the Central Nervous System (CNS). This includes how opioids influence these and the mechanisms and pharmacology behind opioid receptors in the brain/body. Then, this literature review will discuss the research behind why fentanyl is different from other opioids and take a macroscopic perspective on the societal factors that influence addiction. Finally, Part II of this paper will explore the University of Arizona's current medical school curriculum on opioids/addiction and make suggestions for improvements. The primary objective of Part II is to ensure that future physicians are not only knowledgeable on clinical comprehension, but that they are encouraged to practice conscientious prescribing and empathetic patient care when it comes to opioid use disorder.