Name:
s41586-023-05902-2.pdf
Size:
8.724Mb
Format:
PDF
Description:
Final Published Version
Author
Tsai, S.-M.Lee, E.K.H.
Powell, D.
Gao, P.
Zhang, X.
Moses, J.
Hébrard, E.
Venot, O.
Parmentier, V.
Jordan, S.
Hu, R.
Alam, M.K.
Alderson, L.
Batalha, N.M.
Bean, J.L.
Benneke, B.
Bierson, C.J.
Brady, R.P.
Carone, L.
Carter, A.L.
Chubb, K.L.
Inglis, J.
Leconte, J.
Line, M.
López-Morales, M.

Miguel, Y.

Molaverdikhani, K.
Rustamkulov, Z.
Sing, D.K.
Stevenson, K.B.
Wakeford, H.R.
Yang, J.
Aggarwal, K.
Baeyens, R.
Barat, S.
de Val-Borro, M.
Daylan, T.
Fortney, J.J.
France, K.

Goyal, J.M.
Grant, D.
Kirk, J.
Kreidberg, L.
Louca, A.
Moran, S.E.
Mukherjee, S.
Nasedkin, E.
Ohno, K.
Rackham, B.V.
Redfield, S.
Taylor, J.
Tremblin, P.
Visscher, C.
Wallack, N.L.
Welbanks, L.
Youngblood, A.
Ahrer, E.-M.
Batalha, N.E.
Behr, P.
Berta-Thompson, Z.K.
Blecic, J.
Casewell, S.L.
Crossfield, I.J.M.
Crouzet, N.
Cubillos, P.E.
Decin, L.
Désert, J.-M.
Feinstein, A.D.
Gibson, N.P.
Harrington, J.
Heng, K.

Henning, T.
Kempton, E.M.-R.
Krick, J.
Lagage, P.-O.
Lendl, M.
Lothringer, J.D.
Mansfield, M.
Mayne, N.J.
Mikal-Evans, T.
Palle, E.
Schlawin, E.

Shorttle, O.
Wheatley, P.J.
Yurchenko, S.N.
Affiliation
Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of ArizonaSteward Observatory, University of Arizona
Issue Date
2023-04-26
Metadata
Show full item recordPublisher
Nature ResearchCitation
Tsai, SM., Lee, E.K.H., Powell, D. et al. Photochemically produced SO2 in the atmosphere of WASP-39b. Nature 617, 483–487 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05902-2Journal
NatureRights
© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
Photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that regulates the atmospheric composition and stability1. However, no unambiguous photochemical products have been detected in exoplanet atmospheres so far. Recent observations from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Program2,3 found a spectral absorption feature at 4.05 μm arising from sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere of WASP-39b. WASP-39b is a 1.27-Jupiter-radii, Saturn-mass (0.28 MJ) gas giant exoplanet orbiting a Sun-like star with an equilibrium temperature of around 1,100 K (ref. 4). The most plausible way of generating SO2 in such an atmosphere is through photochemical processes5,6. Here we show that the SO2 distribution computed by a suite of photochemical models robustly explains the 4.05-μm spectral feature identified by JWST transmission observations7 with NIRSpec PRISM (2.7σ)8 and G395H (4.5σ)9. SO2 is produced by successive oxidation of sulfur radicals freed when hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is destroyed. The sensitivity of the SO2 feature to the enrichment of the atmosphere by heavy elements (metallicity) suggests that it can be used as a tracer of atmospheric properties, with WASP-39b exhibiting an inferred metallicity of about 10× solar. We further point out that SO2 also shows observable features at ultraviolet and thermal infrared wavelengths not available from the existing observations. © 2023, The Author(s).Note
Open access articleISSN
0028-0836PubMed ID
37100917Version
Final Published Versionae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1038/s41586-023-05902-2
Scopus Count
Collections
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Related articles
- Sulfur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b.
- Authors: Powell D, Feinstein AD, Lee EKH, Zhang M, Tsai SM, Taylor J, Kirk J, Bell T, Barstow JK, Gao P, Bean JL, Blecic J, Chubb KL, Crossfield IJM, Jordan S, Kitzmann D, Moran SE, Morello G, Moses JI, Welbanks L, Yang J, Zhang X, Ahrer EM, Bello-Arufe A, Brande J, Casewell SL, Crouzet N, Cubillos PE, Demory BO, Dyrek A, Flagg L, Hu R, Inglis J, Jones KD, Kreidberg L, López-Morales M, Lagage PO, Meier Valdés EA, Miguel Y, Parmentier V, Piette AAA, Rackham BV, Radica M, Redfield S, Stevenson KB, Wakeford HR, Aggarwal K, Alam MK, Batalha NM, Batalha NE, Benneke B, Berta-Thompson ZK, Brady RP, Caceres C, Carter AL, Désert JM, Harrington J, Iro N, Line MR, Lothringer JD, MacDonald RJ, Mancini L, Molaverdikhani K, Mukherjee S, Nixon MC, Oza AV, Palle E, Rustamkulov Z, Sing DK, Steinrueck ME, Venot O, Wheatley PJ, Yurchenko SN
- Issue date: 2024 Feb
- Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM.
- Authors: Rustamkulov Z, Sing DK, Mukherjee S, May EM, Kirk J, Schlawin E, Line MR, Piaulet C, Carter AL, Batalha NE, Goyal JM, López-Morales M, Lothringer JD, MacDonald RJ, Moran SE, Stevenson KB, Wakeford HR, Espinoza N, Bean JL, Batalha NM, Benneke B, Berta-Thompson ZK, Crossfield IJM, Gao P, Kreidberg L, Powell DK, Cubillos PE, Gibson NP, Leconte J, Molaverdikhani K, Nikolov NK, Parmentier V, Roy P, Taylor J, Turner JD, Wheatley PJ, Aggarwal K, Ahrer E, Alam MK, Alderson L, Allen NH, Banerjee A, Barat S, Barrado D, Barstow JK, Bell TJ, Blecic J, Brande J, Casewell S, Changeat Q, Chubb KL, Crouzet N, Daylan T, Decin L, Désert J, Mikal-Evans T, Feinstein AD, Flagg L, Fortney JJ, Harrington J, Heng K, Hong Y, Hu R, Iro N, Kataria T, Kempton EM, Krick J, Lendl M, Lillo-Box J, Louca A, Lustig-Yaeger J, Mancini L, Mansfield M, Mayne NJ, Miguel Y, Morello G, Ohno K, Palle E, Petit Dit de la Roche DJM, Rackham BV, Radica M, Ramos-Rosado L, Redfield S, Rogers LK, Shkolnik EL, Southworth J, Teske J, Tremblin P, Tucker GS, Venot O, Waalkes WC, Welbanks L, Zhang X, Zieba S
- Issue date: 2023 Feb
- Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H.
- Authors: Alderson L, Wakeford HR, Alam MK, Batalha NE, Lothringer JD, Adams Redai J, Barat S, Brande J, Damiano M, Daylan T, Espinoza N, Flagg L, Goyal JM, Grant D, Hu R, Inglis J, Lee EKH, Mikal-Evans T, Ramos-Rosado L, Roy PA, Wallack NL, Batalha NM, Bean JL, Benneke B, Berta-Thompson ZK, Carter AL, Changeat Q, Colón KD, Crossfield IJM, Désert JM, Foreman-Mackey D, Gibson NP, Kreidberg L, Line MR, López-Morales M, Molaverdikhani K, Moran SE, Morello G, Moses JI, Mukherjee S, Schlawin E, Sing DK, Stevenson KB, Taylor J, Aggarwal K, Ahrer EM, Allen NH, Barstow JK, Bell TJ, Blecic J, Casewell SL, Chubb KL, Crouzet N, Cubillos PE, Decin L, Feinstein AD, Fortney JJ, Harrington J, Heng K, Iro N, Kempton EM, Kirk J, Knutson HA, Krick J, Leconte J, Lendl M, MacDonald RJ, Mancini L, Mansfield M, May EM, Mayne NJ, Miguel Y, Nikolov NK, Ohno K, Palle E, Parmentier V, Petit Dit de la Roche DJM, Piaulet C, Powell D, Rackham BV, Redfield S, Rogers LK, Rustamkulov Z, Tan X, Tremblin P, Tsai SM, Turner JD, de Val-Borro M, Venot O, Welbanks L, Wheatley PJ, Zhang X
- Issue date: 2023 Feb
- SO(2), silicate clouds, but no CH(4) detected in a warm Neptune.
- Authors: Dyrek A, Min M, Decin L, Bouwman J, Crouzet N, Mollière P, Lagage PO, Konings T, Tremblin P, Güdel M, Pye J, Waters R, Henning T, Vandenbussche B, Ardevol Martinez F, Argyriou I, Ducrot E, Heinke L, van Looveren G, Absil O, Barrado D, Baudoz P, Boccaletti A, Cossou C, Coulais A, Edwards B, Gastaud R, Glasse A, Glauser A, Greene TP, Kendrew S, Krause O, Lahuis F, Mueller M, Olofsson G, Patapis P, Rouan D, Royer P, Scheithauer S, Waldmann I, Whiteford N, Colina L, van Dishoeck EF, Östlin G, Ray TP, Wright G
- Issue date: 2024 Jan
- Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam.
- Authors: Ahrer EM, Stevenson KB, Mansfield M, Moran SE, Brande J, Morello G, Murray CA, Nikolov NK, Petit Dit de la Roche DJM, Schlawin E, Wheatley PJ, Zieba S, Batalha NE, Damiano M, Goyal JM, Lendl M, Lothringer JD, Mukherjee S, Ohno K, Batalha NM, Battley MP, Bean JL, Beatty TG, Benneke B, Berta-Thompson ZK, Carter AL, Cubillos PE, Daylan T, Espinoza N, Gao P, Gibson NP, Gill S, Harrington J, Hu R, Kreidberg L, Lewis NK, Line MR, López-Morales M, Parmentier V, Powell DK, Sing DK, Tsai SM, Wakeford HR, Welbanks L, Alam MK, Alderson L, Allen NH, Anderson DR, Barstow JK, Bayliss D, Bell TJ, Blecic J, Bryant EM, Burleigh MR, Carone L, Casewell SL, Changeat Q, Chubb KL, Crossfield IJM, Crouzet N, Decin L, Désert JM, Feinstein AD, Flagg L, Fortney JJ, Gizis JE, Heng K, Iro N, Kempton EM, Kendrew S, Kirk J, Knutson HA, Komacek TD, Lagage PO, Leconte J, Lustig-Yaeger J, MacDonald RJ, Mancini L, May EM, Mayne NJ, Miguel Y, Mikal-Evans T, Molaverdikhani K, Palle E, Piaulet C, Rackham BV, Redfield S, Rogers LK, Roy PA, Rustamkulov Z, Shkolnik EL, Sotzen KS, Taylor J, Tremblin P, Tucker GS, Turner JD, de Val-Borro M, Venot O, Zhang X
- Issue date: 2023 Feb