Now showing items 21-40 of 69

    • Cyber Security Architecture for Networked Telemetry

      Dean, Richard; Akpose, Wole; Zegeye, Wondimu; Moazzami, Farzad; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper presents a Cyber Security Architecture for Telemetry Enterprise Networks. This work follows from Morgan’s development of a Cyber Security Testbed for Telemetry networks. It follows from prior work [2] that shows how Telemetry Networks can be modeled after Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition/Industrial Control Systems (SCADA/ICS) which has received significant treatment in past decades. This work is specifically tailored towards Enterprise Telemetry Networks which envision the inclusion of multiple Test Articles spanning multiple Test Ranges over a wide geographic area. The cyber security implications of this structure are significant. The proposed architecture follows the 3 level structure proposed for SCADA/ICS networks. The emphasis here will be in managing the boundaries between each layer and across Test Ranges. The recommendations for SCADA/ICS are adapted to fit the unique applications and security issues for the Telemetry Enterprise.
    • Driver Interface Using CAN-BUS Communication Protocol To Enhance Driver Awareness And Pace

      Marcellin, Micheal; Vengas, Gabe; Schwab, Thomas; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper presents the comprehensive design overview of an ESP32-based, CAN-BUS powered driver interface, originally developed for the University of Arizona’s Formula SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) race car. The interface serves as a reprogrammable display system, offering flexibility and adaptability for various vehicle applications. The software and hardware design details are elaborated, highlighting its versatility and cost-effectiveness as a DIY, rudimentary alternative to expensive OEM or aftermarket dashboard solutions, making it accessible to a wider range of users with differing (current or future) vehicle configurations.
    • Channel Estimation and Equalization of Mixed Signals for a MIMO-OFDM Multiple- Access System

      Cole-Rhodes, Arlene; Akeju, Funmilola; Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      In this work we consider the problem of recovering a set of 16-QAM symbols that have been simultaneously transmitted by multiple users to a base station over a Rayleigh fading AWGN channel, using OFDM modulation. At the base station multiple antennas receive a mixture of the transmitted user symbols. We present a pilot-aided non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) OFDM scheme, which provides an estimate of the channel frequency response (CFR) between each user and each receive antenna. Our proposed scheme has been implemented and demonstrated for a MIMO communication system with two to four users, and varying numbers of receive antenna. The SER performance of the MIMO scheme is evaluated based on running Monte Carlo simulations over varying SNRs, specifically for a two-user system transmitting to five receive-antenna. We outline a method to determine the minimum and the least upper bound on the number of pilot blocks, which is required to effectively estimate the channel frequency response (CFR) with this scheme. We also investigate the performance of the equalization scheme for the MIMO-OFDM system with different numbers of OFDM subcarriers.
    • Ground Based Phased Array Telemetry Antenna (gPATMA) System Integration at the Point Mugu Sea Range (PMSR)

      Bossoletti, Kevin; Follo, Brad; Kujiraoka, Scott; NAVAIR Pt. Mugu; GBL Systems (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      Efforts have been underway to add phased array telemetry (TM) antenna capability to the Point Mugu Sea Range (PMSR) to support Guided Missile Destroyer testing. This will fill a significant TM data collection capacity gap and increase the ability to receive TM data from a high number of airborne platforms (missiles, targets, and aircraft). This will also augment the existing use of parabolic dish antennas. Past conference presentations have detailed the efforts to establish the infrastructure needed to support these systems at San Nicholas Island (SNI) located in PMSR. This paper will detail the latest effort to integrate the ground-based Phased Array TM Antenna (gPATMA) Systems into PMSR at SNI.
    • Autonomous Mapping and Navigation for Small-Scale Car Racing

      Hespanha, Joao; Duval, Kyle; Evers, Will; Li, Ryan; Matherly, Cade; Miguelino, Maxwell; Anderson, Sean; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California, Santa Barbara (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      We consider an autonomous car racing setting with limited information about the racing environ- ment thus requiring real-time localization, mapping, and control of our car when racing against opponents. We demonstrate the use of efficient navigation algorithms for autonomous car racing and obstacle avoidance when limited to onboard sensing and computation. We build off the open-source F1 Tenth platform by heavily modifying a one-tenth scale remote control vehicle, thus allowing our Robot Operating System (ROS) to interact with driving controls and onboard sensors simultaneously. Using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), we use a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm to generate a map of the surroundings in real-time. The vehicle is able to avoid obstacles autonomously and use the generated map to determine its optimal speed. We validate our algorithms in simulation as well as real-world opponent racing.
    • AES and SST Together at Last

      Gabaldón, Albert T; Guisa, Jaron C; Morgan, Jon; Naval Air Warfare Center; Laulima Systems (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      Since the last century RDT&E communications have had a, usually hard, requirement to transmit Serial Streaming Telemetry (SST) using a secure means. This security has been accomplished by using a DoD provided and managed encryption algorithm and support system. Today there is a growing trend to provide a secure channel not by using the traditional DoD encryption algorithm but by using commercial and open-source algorithms. This paper will discuss two modes of using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) commercial algorithm to support secure SST systems. One mode is popularly used and fielded. The second mode is a novel approach that simplifies the AES implementation.
    • Adopting Radar-Based SLAM in Autonomous Maritime Vehicles for Robust Environmental Exploration

      Tokumaru, Phil; Isukapalli, Yogananda; Young, Baron; Li, Wenjin; Aggarwal, Dhruv; Barrett, Cameron; Jung, Maxwell; Isukapalli, Yogananda; University of California, Santa Barbara (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      The use of unmanned remotely operated drones has become an effective tool for environmental research, military applications, and search and rescue operations. The Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) looks to extend these capabilities to operate in maritime conditions by providing a modular platform that can navigate autonomously. This allows for data collection in environments that are either too hazardous or impractical for manned vessels. Due to the variability of coastal environments as well as the possibility of intentional jamming, the USV is equipped with a marine radar system to utilize Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technology. Radar-based SLAM provides an alternative to current mapping technologies like LiDAR and stereo vision, where inclement weather or compromised visibility significantly reduces their effectiveness. This system offers a robust solution that can navigate independently with precision in coastal environ- ments.
    • A Study on Simulated Launch Flight Test for Telemetry Station Using IRIG 106 Chapter 10 Recorder

      Kwon, Soonho; Lee, Taejin; Kim, Chunwon; Kim, Donghyun; Shin, Hanseop; Korea Aerospace Research Institute (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      In preparation for the NURI launch mission, the simulated launch flight test method using a light aircraft is described to verify the required performance of the 5 ground telemetry station of NARO Space Center. In this paper, using the IRIG 106 Chapter 10 standard recording method, the simulated launch data of the 1/2/3 stages of NURI at different time are encoded into a single file in Chapter 10 format. The performance verification of the 5 stations can be done by playing back the encoded Chapter 10 file at defined lift-off time in a light aircraft during flight and transmitting its RF signal to the ground stations. Finally, receiving performances of the 5 ground stations are described.
    • A Subsystems Analysis of Two CubeSat Missions

      Perrins, Erik; Gatza, Brody; Hastings, Aaron; Roach, Orion; Wegner, Ethan; Georges, Max; Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Kansas; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      CubeSats have rapidly become the most cost-effective package for operating a payload in space. With the successful launch of KUbeSat-1, the University of Kansas has shifted its focus to its next space venture. Two design candidates have been proposed for selection as the next KUbeSat mission. The first mission plans to operate a novel CubeSat-scale mass spectrometer for measuring particle density and composition in the upper atmosphere. The second mission would utilize a radar imager for crop or ice sheet measurements. Both missions would allow students to engage in the satellite development process while enabling research into undeveloped areas of the CubeSat market.
    • Building a Virtual 1553 Bus Network

      Dean, Richard; Moazzami, Farzad; Jordan, Perry; George, Otokini; Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper presents the concept design of a virtual 1553 Telemetry bus configured within a virtual network, and hosted in VmWare on a workstation machine. This is an extension of Morgan’s Telemetry Testbed which is in development and which creates a virtual Telemetry Network with all of the elements needed to conduct research into cyber security attacks and defenses of these networks. The 1553 bus is a legacy analog network that is fundamental to telemetry systems. Capturing this analog structure in a digital virtual environment is an opportunity and a challenge.
    • Building A Physical 1553 Bus Network

      Dean, Richard; Moazzami, Farzad; George, Otokini; Jordan, Perry; Holliday, Sterling; WiNetS Research Lab, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper presents the design and implementation of a physical MIL-STD-1553 bus network, utilizing Arduino IoT microcontrollers which will be integrated with sensors to emulate the Bus Controller (BC), Remote Terminals (RTs) and Bus Monitor (BM). Key aspects of the implementation involve ensuring compatibility with the MIL-STD-1553 standard and addressing signal integrity in the network. The paper will detail the bus architecture, sensor integration and data communication protocols as well as offer insights into limitations of using Arduino-based platforms in complex bus networks.
    • Reinforcement Learning Assisted Decoding

      Vasic, Bane; Taghipour, Milad; Pradhan, Asit Kumar; Vasic, Bane; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper explores the application of reinforcement learning techniques in the context of the performance improvement of bit-flipping based decoders. We begin with a concise overview of bit-flipping based decoders and reinforcement learning algorithms. We then outline the methodology involved in mapping these iterative decoders into Markov Decision Processes and propose a method to decrease the number of states to make the Q-learning algorithm feasible for low-rate and long-length codes. This enables us to obtain an optimal decision rule and improve the decoding performance through the utilization of reinforcement learning algorithms. Subsequently, we conduct an analysis of the reinforcement aided bit-flipping based decoder and investigate a number of potential optimal solutions achievable through reinforcement learning algorithm. We provide a comparative examination of efficiency and complexity trade-offs between data-driven algorithms and traditional methods across the Binary Symmetric Channel and Additive White Gaussian Noise Channel.
    • Advanced Intrusion Detection In Telemetry Enterprise Networks

      Dean, Richard; Moazzami, Farzad; Okonkwo, Favour; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper examines advanced intrusion detection systems (IDS) essential for protecting telemetry enterprise networks against sophisticated cyber threats. It highlights the shift from traditional IDS methods to advanced techniques enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), focusing on the unique challenges posed by the scale and complexity of telemetry data. We analyze the effectiveness of behavioral analysis, predictive analytics, and threat intelligence integration in telemetry environments alongside a comparative review of current technologies and tools. The paper illustrates successful implementations and the benefits of advanced IDS through case studies. Our research indicates that despite existing challenges, integrating AI, ML, and analytics into IDS presents promising avenues for improving cybersecurity in telemetry networks. We conclude with actionable recommendations for cybersecurity practitioners and suggest directions for future research.
    • Advancing PortScan Event Detection: Leveraging eXtreme Gradient Boosted Trees with Fast Feature Binning and Unsupervised Learning Features

      Bucknor, Olanrewaju; Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This study presents a novel approach for enhancing the detection of PortScan events using advanced machine learning techniques leveraging the eXtreme Gradient Boosted Trees (XGBoost) classifier. We introduce a comprehensive framework integrating Fast Feature Binning and Unsupervised Learning Features, supplemented by Early Stopping mechanisms. The utilization of XGBoost facilitates eWicient model training and robust classification, while Fast Feature Binning enhances computational eWiciency by reducing the dimensionality of the feature space without compromising information content. The incorporation of Unsupervised Learning Features empowers the model to discern intricate patterns inherent in PortScan activities, further enhancing its detection capabilities. Furthermore, Early Stopping mechanisms are employed to prevent overfitting and enhance generalization performance. Through comprehensive experimentation and evaluation, our approach demonstrates superior performance in accurately identifying PortScan events compared to conventional methods. This research contributes to advancing the field of network security by providing a robust and eWicient solution for detecting PortScan activities, thereby fortifying defense mechanisms against potential cyber threats.
    • Orchestrator and Distributed Integrator (ORDER) – AI/ML Adaptive Orchestration of Range Systems

      Portune, Andrew; Creighton, Bob; Peraton Labs (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
    • JPEG XS Compression for Video Telemetry

      Schaphorst, Stephen; Nelson, George; Delta Digital Video (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) XS video compression standard provides visually lossless imagery at typical compression ratios of 10:1, allowing transmission of multiple channels of high-definition video over GbE networks. As video bandwidths continue to increase with higher definition and higher frame rate sources, visually lossless encoding with sub-millisecond encode/decode latencies, a networked infrastructure, and a reliably constant bitrate transport stream, becomes a compelling alternative to uncompressed video. An overview of JPEG XS and transport methods is presented along with targeted test platform applications, including ground network video distribution and AI-enabled object detection-based Region of Interest (ROI) use cases for bandwidth-limited data links. Comparisons and tradeoffs with other light and higher compression technologies are discussed.
    • On the Use of Log A Posteriori Probability Ratios for Diversity Combining

      Rice, Michael; Harrison, Willie; Perrins, Erik; Brigham Young University; University of Kansas (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      The performance of diversity combining based on the Data Quality Metric (DQM) is limited by the challenges of accurately estimating the received Eb/N0 in the demodulator. This paper develops an alternative method for diversity combining that does not require estimates of the received Eb/N0. The development of the method starts with the log a posteriori probability ratio for each bit. The log a posteriori probability ratio depends on Eb/N0, but a scaled version, called relative reliability, depends on the amplitude of the received signal, not on Eb/N0. Computer simulations show the BER performance of combining using relative reliability achieves maximum ratio diversity combining. The BER performance of quantized versions of relative reliability is also examined. It is shown that 5-bit quantizers achieve essentially all of the diversity gain; 4-bit quantizers are within 0.1 dB of unquantized performance.
    • Spectrally Efficient LDPC Codes for IRIG-106 Waveforms via Random Puncturing

      Cummins, Andrew D.; Mitchell, David G. M.; Perrins, Erik; Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University; Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes form part of the IRIG-106 standard and have been suc- cessfully deployed for the Telemetry Group version of shaped-offset quadrature phase shift keying (SOQPSK-TG) modulation. Recently, LDPC code solutions have been proposed and optimized for continuous phase modulations (CPMs), including the pulse code modulation/frequency modulation (PCM/FM) and the multi-h CPM developed by the Advanced Range TeleMetry program (ARTM CPM). These codes were shown to perform around one dB from the respective channel capacities of these modulations. In this paper, we consider the effect of random puncturing of these LDPC codes to further improve spectrum efficiency. We present numerical simulation results that affirm the robust decoding performance promised by LDPC codes designed for ARTM CPM.
    • Exploring Maximum Bit Rates for Software Defined Radios in Aeronautical Telemetry

      Rice, Michael; Hilton, Zach; Kirkwood, Riley; Brigham Young University (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      This paper investigates the maximum achievable bit rates for the SMR 7522 and USRP X410 software-defined radios (SDRs) connected to a desktop computer an IntelTM Core® i7 processor pro detecting SOQPSK-TG. We employ a new interface between the host computer and the bit error rate tester: the Lumistar LS68. The new interface converts bit decisions generated by the host computer and exported via Ethernet into clock and data signals. The new interface removes the previous limitations imposed by microcontroller-based interfaces based on a USB link. Our experiments reveal that the USRP can support bit rates up to 8.192 Mbps, while the SMR 7522 is limited to 3.90625 Mbps. We explore the factors influencing these limits, including SDR architec- tures, host computer processing capabilities, and the impact of custom resampling and automatic gain control (AGC) implementations.
    • The Art of Encoding a PCM Telemetry Stream: Interweaving Pre-Recorded and Live Analog/Digital Sensor Data in Gun-Launched Instrumentation Systems

      Salib, Daniel; Choi, Jin Hwan; Rotundo, Alfred; U.S. Army; DEVCOM (International Foundation for Telemetering, 2024-10)
      Typical Telemetry applications can be easily resolved using Inter-Range Instrumentation Group (IRIG) 106 Chapter 4 (Pulse Code Modulation [PCM] Standards) where live data can be immediately transmitted at a periodic rate for all sensors on board. However, issues arise when multiple high sampling rate channels are required during a gun-launched in-bore event where transmission is impossible. Further complications are added if using a sensor suite consisting of a mix of digital sensors with fixed Output Data Rates (ODR) and analog sensors allowing control over the sampling period. To overcome these issues, the Telemetry Branch at Picatinny Arsenal has developed custom electronics and firmware to handle the unique projectile instrumentation applications required to gather data from both in-bore gun-launched environments and in-flight dynamics before the telemeter is destroyed upon impact. This paper will dive deep into how the Telemetry Branch has handled the intricacies of telemetry frame building in the application by double buffering mixed signal sensor data in the firmware code.