Potential, Design Characteristics, and Barriers of Infill Development in Tucson: A Case Study of El Con Mall

Abstract

Tucson, Arizona, is a low-density city that is experiencing a major housing shortage despite access to large tracts of undeveloped land—like the one found at the parking lot of El Con Mall. Previous research shows that housing is needed in Tucson and that infill development at greyfield sites is an option to increase the housing supply within city limits. Infill development can also spur economic activity, increase density, and improve walkability. This study uses interviews with two urban planning professors, two city planners, and a community member/former city councilman to find out the housing potential, essential design characteristics, and the main obstacles to greyfield redevelopment at El Con. It was found that over 1,000 housing units are possible at El Con. Development should include medium-density, mixed-use, market-rate housing no higher than three or four stories with green space in conjunction with improved walk, bike, and transit infrastructure. The biggest barrier to infill is neighborhood resistance, which can be navigated with education, inclusion, and amenities. Infill projects are context-specific, but the process of this study can be replicated at other sites. Future research should study the financial and political requirements to successfully develop housing at El Con.