THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXERCISE AND COGNITIVE HEALTH

Abstract

Due to an aging population, it is expected for there to be a higher incidence of neurological diseases. It is thus important to understand how to maximize one's healthy years while minimizing one's years living with disease. Exercise is a key component in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. It is known that exercise has numerous benefits regarding physical health, but it is important to also understand its effects on cognitive health in the pursuit of longevity. This literature review examines the relationship between exercise and cognitive health. Exercise reduces the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, enhances physical and cognitive health, and has varying effects on physical and cognitive health depending on the type of exercise as well as intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise. While it may possibly improve cognitive health in cases of dementia, exercise seems to be better as a preventative measure as opposed to a treatment measure. Consistent physical activity seems to improve cognitive health and slow the aging process via stimulation of metabolic pathways that are typically associated with younger populations. Aerobic and resistance exercise should ideally be implemented together to improve cognitive health outcomes. It is important to find the proper balance to challenge without overworking oneself. Exercise improves cognitive health and is essential in sustaining positive health outcomes.